Zigawo zamagalimoto nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza zigawo zonse ndi zigawo zonse kupatula chimango chagalimoto. Pakati pawo, mbali zimatanthauza chigawo chimodzi chomwe sichingagawike. Chigawo ndi kuphatikiza kwa zigawo zomwe zimagwira ntchito (kapena ntchito). Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwachuma cha China komanso kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa anthu omwe amadya, kufunikira kwa zida zamagalimoto zamagalimoto atsopano kukukulirakulira.
Nthawi yomweyo, ndikusintha kosalekeza kwa umwini wagalimoto ku China, kufunikira kwa zida zosinthira pambuyo pake monga kukonza magalimoto ndikusintha magalimoto kukukulirakulira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zofunikira za zida zosinthira zikuchulukirachulukira. Makampani opanga zida zamagalimoto ku China achita bwino kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa.
1. Mbiri Yamakampani: Kufalikira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Zigawo zamagalimoto nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza zigawo zonse ndi zigawo zonse kupatula chimango chagalimoto. Pakati pawo, mbali zimatanthauza chigawo chimodzi chomwe sichingagawike. Chigawo ndi kuphatikiza kwa zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito chinthu kapena ntchito. Chigawo chikhoza kukhala gawo limodzi kapena kuphatikiza zigawo. Kuphatikiza uku, gawo limodzi ndilo lalikulu, lomwe limagwira ntchito yomwe ikufunidwa (kapena ntchito), pamene mbali zina zimangogwira ntchito zothandizira, kulumikiza, kumangirira, kutsogolera, ndi zina zotero.
Galimoto nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi magawo anayi: injini, chassis, thupi ndi zida zamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yonse yazinthu zogawikana za magawo agalimoto zimachokera ku magawo anayi oyambira awa. Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha zigawo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu, iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu dongosolo injini, dongosolo mphamvu, dongosolo kufala, dongosolo kuyimitsidwa, dongosolo ananyema, dongosolo magetsi ndi zina (zopereka wamba, zida Mumakonda, etc.).
2. Panorama ya unyolo wa mafakitale.
Mafakitale okwera ndi otsika omwe amapanga magawo amagalimoto makamaka amatengera magawo awo ogulitsa ndi omwe amafunikira. Kumtunda kwa makina opanga zida zamagalimoto kumaphatikizapo misika yopereka zinthu zopangira, kuphatikiza chitsulo ndi chitsulo, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, zida zamagetsi, mapulasitiki, mphira, matabwa, magalasi, zoumba, zikopa, ndi zina zambiri.
Pakati pawo, kufunika kwakukulu kwa zipangizo ndi chitsulo ndi chitsulo, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, zipangizo zamagetsi, pulasitiki, mphira, galasi. Kutsikiraku kumaphatikizapo opanga magalimoto, malo ogulitsira magalimoto a 4S, malo ogulitsa magalimoto, zida zamagalimoto ndi opanga zida ndi mafakitale osintha magalimoto, ndi zina zambiri.
Zotsatira za kumtunda pamakampani opanga zida zamagalimoto zimatengera mtengo wake. Kusintha kwamitengo yazinthu zopangira (kuphatikiza chitsulo, aluminiyamu, pulasitiki, mphira, ndi zina zambiri) kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi mtengo wopangira zida zamagalimoto. Chikoka cha kutsika kwa magawo agalimoto makamaka pakufunika kwa msika komanso mpikisano wamsika.
3. Kukwezeleza mfundo: Kukonzekera ndondomeko kumakhazikitsidwa pafupipafupi kuti bizinesi ikule bwino.
Monga galimoto iliyonse imafunikira magawo agalimoto a 10,000, ndipo magawowa amagwira ntchito m'mafakitale ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamiyezo yaukadaulo, njira zopangira ndi zina. Pakali pano, mfundo za dziko zokhudzana ndi kupanga zigawo zamagalimoto zimagawidwa makamaka mu ndondomeko za dziko zokhudzana ndi makampani opanga magalimoto.
Padziko lonse lapansi, dziko lino likulimbikitsa kusintha ndi kukweza kwa magalimoto ku China, kulimbikitsa kufufuza ndi chitukuko ndi kupanga magalimoto apamwamba, odziimira okha, komanso kuthandizira kwambiri magalimoto atsopano amphamvu. Kutulutsidwa kwa ndondomeko zamakampani opanga magalimoto mosakayikira kwapereka zofunika kwambiri pamakampani opanga magawo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pofuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko chabwino komanso chathanzi cha mafakitale a magalimoto ku China, madipatimenti oyenerera ku China apereka ndondomeko zoyendetsera ndondomeko zokhudzana ndi mafakitale m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kukweza kwa zinthu zamagalimoto kukuchulukirachulukira tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zimafuna kuti mafakitale azigawo zamagalimoto azifulumizitsa luso laukadaulo, kuti apereke zinthu zofunika pamsika; Apo ayi, idzayang'anizana ndi vuto losagwirizana la kupezeka ndi kufunikira, zomwe zidzadzetsa kusalinganika kwa kamangidwe ndi kutsalira kwa katundu.
4. Mkhalidwe wa kukula kwa msika: Ndalama zochokera ku bizinesi yayikulu zikupitilira kukula.
Kupanga magalimoto atsopano ku China kumapereka mwayi wopititsa patsogolo msika wa zida zatsopano zamagalimoto aku China, pomwe kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, kukonza magalimoto ndi kufunikira kwa magawo akukonzanso kukukulirakulira, kulimbikitsa kukula kosalekeza kwa mafakitale aku China. Mu 2019, chifukwa cha zinthu monga kuchepa kwa msika wamagalimoto, kuchepa kwa ndalama zothandizira magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, komanso kukwera kwapang'onopang'ono kwa miyezo yotulutsa mpweya, makampani omwe ali nawo akukumana ndi zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo. Komabe, makampani opanga zida zamagalimoto aku China akuwonetsabe kukula kokhazikika. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za China Association of Automobile Manufacturers pamakampani 13,750 a zida zamagalimoto pamwamba pa kukula kwake, ndalama zomwe bizinesi yawo yayikulu idapeza zidafika 3.6 thililiyoni yuan, kukwera ndi 0.35% chaka chilichonse. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera koyambirira, ndalama zazikulu zamabizinesi opanga magawo aku China mu 2020 zidzakhala pafupifupi 3.74 thililiyoni yuan.
Zindikirani
1. Deta ya kukula kwa chaka ndi chaka imasiyanasiyana chaka ndi chaka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha mabizinesi pamwamba pa kukula kwake komwe kwasankhidwa. Deta ya chaka ndi chaka ndizomwe zimapangidwira mabizinesi pamwamba pa kukula kwake komwe kwasankhidwa chaka chomwecho.
2. Deta ya 2020 ndi data yowerengera koyambirira ndipo ndi yachidziwitso chokha.
Chitukuko: Kutsatsa kwamagalimoto kwakhala malo okulirapo.
Potengera chizolowezi cha "kusintha magalimoto ndi zida zopepuka", mabizinesi aku China adakumana ndi vuto laukadaulo waukadaulo. Otsatsa ambiri ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati omwe amapereka zida zamagalimoto ali ndi mzere umodzi wazinthu, ukadaulo wochepa komanso kuthekera kofooka kukana zoopsa zakunja. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kukwera mtengo kwa zinthu zopangira ndi ntchito kumapangitsa kuti phindu la mabizinesi azigawo zamagalimoto kusinthasintha komanso kutsika.
"Medium and Long-term Development Plan of Automobile Industry" ikuwonetsa kuti kulima magawo ogulitsa ndi mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi, kupanga dongosolo lathunthu la mafakitale kuchokera ku magawo kupita ku magalimoto. Pofika chaka cha 2020, magulu angapo amakampani opanga zida zamagalimoto okhala ndi sikelo yopitilira 100 biliyoni akhazikitsidwa; Pofika chaka cha 2025, magulu angapo amakampani opanga magawo agalimoto akhazikitsidwa m'magulu khumi apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi.
M'tsogolomu, mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko, mabizinesi aku China azigawo zamagalimoto azisintha pang'onopang'ono luso laukadaulo ndi luso lazopangapanga, luso laukadaulo la magawo ofunikira; Motsogozedwa ndi chitukuko cha mabizinesi odziyimira pawokha, mabizinesi am'nyumba azikulitsa gawo lawo pamsika, ndipo kuchuluka kwamakampani akunja kapena ophatikizana kudzachepa.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, China ikufuna kupanga magulu 10 apamwamba a magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi mu 2025. Kuphatikizana mumakampani kudzawonjezeka, ndipo chuma chidzakhazikika m'mabizinesi akuluakulu. Kupanga kwamagalimoto ndi kugulitsa kumafika padenga, kukula kwa zida zamagalimoto m'malo opangira zida zatsopano zamagalimoto kumakhala kochepa, ndipo msika wawukulu wotsatsa pambuyo pake udzakhala imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zikukulirakulira pamsika wamagalimoto.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-23-2022
